Volume 4 Issue 1 / Nov 2006
pp1‑48
Editor: Frank Bannister
Editorial
The number of e‑government events in terms of conferences, mini‑tracks, special issues of journals and books continues to grow at a pace which is, on the one hand, enormously encouraging, but on the other vaguely depressing. Encouraging because it is great to see so much interest in the subject and the steady increase in both the variety and quality of research; depressing because it has become well nigh impossible to keep up with everything that it happening. Still, it is probably a good complaint to have. As a journal editor, it is healthy to receive an increasing number of articles arrive in my in‑tray. Whether or not articles are eventually published, there is always something to learn from them.
In this edition we have five articles which illustrate the diversity and richness of electronic government as a field of research. Sell et al’s paper is an examination of the practical outcomes of an initiative in Finland to assist members of the community who might have difficulty accessing the grocery markets in the city of Turku (I have actually had the pleasure of wandering around a grocery market in Turku so this paper had a personal resonance for me). This was, in the authors’ words, a bold initiative and their paper compares what the sponsors of the project expected to happen with what actually occurred.
Dillon et al look at developments on the other side of the globe with a longitudinal study of local e‑government in New Zealand. Their study looks at how the use of web based services evolved over a four year period. Their findings about the development paths followed by the local authorities leads them to suggest that there are still plenty of opportunities for using the web strategically in New Zealand local government and provides a platform for comparative papers from other countries.
e‑Government is a broad church. Government activities can range from managing the nation’s finances to running the national airline. One big area of public sector expenditure is healthcare. The article by Khoumbati and Themistocleous examines the use of Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) in healthcare services. They identify six common factors that are found in a variety of different integration approaches including EAI, EDI, ERP and web services and propose a conceptual model for the adoption of EAI in healthcare service providers. They suggest that there is much scope for further research into this approach to integration.
The article by Andersen is at a more conceptual level than the others in this issue. He asserts that there are five significant challenges facing e‑government today and explores each of these in turn. He tracks the major shifts in the use of IT in government over the past four decades and argues that there are dangers in current approaches such as a focus on defining boundaries rather than defining services. The author examines the problem of confronting the ‘demand paradox’ and explores some interesting byways, such as the use of IT to avoid work! All in all, this is a thought provoking contribution to the field.
Finally, Henriksen’s paper explores the demand for electronic services in Danish local government at the level of municipalities. The research approach use, examination of log files is an interesting one and there are several informative analyses including the types of services offered and the ratio of users to potential users of these services – a graph which, at a glance, tell the reader a great deal. Like Dillon et al, Henricksen concludes that there is still much to be done in developing the use of IT in local administration.
In this edition we have five articles which illustrate the diversity and richness of electronic government as a field of research. Sell et al’s paper is an examination of the practical outcomes of an initiative in Finland to assist members of the community who might have difficulty accessing the grocery markets in the city of Turku (I have actually had the pleasure of wandering around a grocery market in Turku so this paper had a personal resonance for me). This was, in the authors’ words, a bold initiative and their paper compares what the sponsors of the project expected to happen with what actually occurred.
Dillon et al look at developments on the other side of the globe with a longitudinal study of local e‑government in New Zealand. Their study looks at how the use of web based services evolved over a four year period. Their findings about the development paths followed by the local authorities leads them to suggest that there are still plenty of opportunities for using the web strategically in New Zealand local government and provides a platform for comparative papers from other countries.
e‑Government is a broad church. Government activities can range from managing the nation’s finances to running the national airline. One big area of public sector expenditure is healthcare. The article by Khoumbati and Themistocleous examines the use of Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) in healthcare services. They identify six common factors that are found in a variety of different integration approaches including EAI, EDI, ERP and web services and propose a conceptual model for the adoption of EAI in healthcare service providers. They suggest that there is much scope for further research into this approach to integration.
The article by Andersen is at a more conceptual level than the others in this issue. He asserts that there are five significant challenges facing e‑government today and explores each of these in turn. He tracks the major shifts in the use of IT in government over the past four decades and argues that there are dangers in current approaches such as a focus on defining boundaries rather than defining services. The author examines the problem of confronting the ‘demand paradox’ and explores some interesting byways, such as the use of IT to avoid work! All in all, this is a thought provoking contribution to the field.
Finally, Henriksen’s paper explores the demand for electronic services in Danish local government at the level of municipalities. The research approach use, examination of log files is an interesting one and there are several informative analyses including the types of services offered and the ratio of users to potential users of these services – a graph which, at a glance, tell the reader a great deal. Like Dillon et al, Henricksen concludes that there is still much to be done in developing the use of IT in local administration.
Keywords: electronic journal, papers, articles, eGovernment, electronic government, eGovernment methods, eGovernment studies, e-Government, open care, efficiency, electronic grocery shopping, e-government, strategy, management, demand, entities, gate-keeping, labor intensity, readiness, competence, local government, policy, electronic citizen services, supply and demand, healthcare, adoption, Enterprise Application Integration
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Abstract
e‑Government holds the potential to facilitate the complementary use of information systems in government comprising both operational and strategic use. This paper argues that if this metamorphosis is to occur, managers are facing five key strategic challenges: 1) Assessing the demand paradox of e‑government. 2) Ensuring that gate‑keeping mechanisms of the street‑level bureaucrats are not eroding the dynamics of e‑government. 3) Use of IT to decrease the high labour intensity in public service provision. 4) Revisiting the employees' readiness for e‑government. 5) Building competences within government to ensure dynamic use of IT.
Keywords: e-government, strategy, management, demand, entities, gate-keeping mechanisms, labour intensity, readiness, competence
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Stuart Dillon, Eric Deakins, Wan Jung Chen
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Abstract
The New Zealand government has a strategy in place to establish an e‑government infrastructure that is intended to allow citizens and government agencies to interact electronically. This paper reports the results of a longitudinal study designed to track the development of e‑local government initiatives in New Zealand since 2000. Identical surveys conducted four years apart show heightened recognition by policy makers of sixteen key policy issues judged vital for e‑government success; as well as increasing sophistication of local authority websites. The results also indicate that, while the majority of NZ e‑government websites appear to have been created to provide information to citizens, there remain many opportunities to use such a vehicle strategically. It is anticipated these results will be of interest both to local and central government policy makers, and to other e‑government researchers.
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Fad or Investment in the Future: An Analysis of the Demand of e‑Services in Danish Municipalities
pp19‑26
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Abstract
The Internet has created a new window for citizens to interact with the pubic sector through the means of electronic services (e‑services). Municipalities throughout the Western world are competing to offer as many e‑services as possible and several studies have explored the contents and nature of e‑services for citizens. Most of these studies have dealt with the possibilities and reach of e‑services. The present study applies a demand perspective focusing on which e‑services citizens actually use. The use of e‑services during the period May 2004 to October 2004 is analyzed based on log‑files from the largest Danish provider of municipal e‑services. The study fuels a discussion of whether or not the offerings of municipal offering of e‑services are driven by technology fads or if they are exponents of an investment in the future that aim at improving the quality of life of citizens.
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Integrating the IT Infrastructures in Healthcare Organisations: a Proposition of Influential Factors
pp27‑36
Khalil Khoumbati, Marinos Themistocleous
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Abstract
The healthcare industry is composed of primary and secondary healthcare providers. Each provider needs to exchange information with other providers. Information Systems (IS) developed on different types of hardware and software platforms serve this need. Due to the heterogeneous and distributed nature of information and communicating technology (ICT) in the healthcare industry, sharing of the data has become an issue. There is an urgent need for the integration of these distributed IS. Several efforts have been made to achieve the integration, but traditional methods can only in part address integration problems. Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) offers another solution to addressing the needs of healthcare information systems integration. From a technical perspective, EAI overcomes integration problems at all levels (e.g. data, process etc.) by providing a flexible and manageable Information Technology (IT) infrastructure. From a business perspective, EAI reduces the overall integration costs by minimising integration time and maintenance cost. A literature review in the area of EAI indicates that EAI adoption has not been studied in depth in relation to healthcare organisations. However, there is a clear need for healthcare organisations to seek EAI adoption. In doing so, a conceptual framework for EAI adoption in healthcare organisations is proposed. Decision makers in healthcare organisations, can use this model when considering EAI adoption.
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Anna Sell, Erkki Patokorpi, Pirkko Walden
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Abstract
In December 2000, the city of Turku, Finland, outsourced its open care grocery shopping to an online grocery retailer. The city officials expected that an outside e‑commerce player would among other things bring time savings so that the open care service would be able to focus on caring for the elderly and the disabled at home. This paper examines the expected and realised effect of electronic commerce on the efficiency of the grocery shopping service from the viewpoint of the three main stakeholders: the customers, the employees and the management. The findings are based on employee and customer surveys as well as interviews with the open care management. The research combines both quantitative and qualitative methods.
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